How fibroid can affect pregnancy
Generally, the woman can get pregnant even if she has a fibroid, and this does not usually bring risks to the mother or the baby. However, when a woman becomes pregnant with a myoma, it can cause bleeding due to hormonal changes typical of pregnancy, which can cause fibroid enlargement.
Symptoms in pregnancy arise only when there are large, numerous fibroids or in the inner part of the uterus, and this may even become a risky pregnancy. The main treatment done is rest and use and analgesic drugs such as paracetamol and ibuprofen.
Risks of myoma in pregnancy
Myoma in pregnancy is not usually severe, but complications can occur in women who have a large fibroid, especially if it is located in the inner part of the uterus, such as intramural myoma. The risks can be:
1. Abdominal pain and colic, which can appear at any time during gestation.
2. Abortion, occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy because some fibroids can cause intense bleeding.
3. Placental abruption in cases of fibroids that occupy the site or make it difficult to attach the placenta to the wall of the uterus.
4. Limitation of growth of the baby, by very large fibroids that occupy or push the uterus.
5. Preterm delivery, because delivery can be anticipated in large fibroids, which causes bleeding and cramping.
The few cases in which these situations occur are more delicate and should be very well accompanied by the obstetrician, with more frequent consultations and with more exams, such as ultrasonography.
How is the treatment done?
It is not always necessary to treat myoma in pregnancy, but in any case, rest and use of analgesic drugs, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen, is indicated in women who have symptoms of pain and mild bleeding.
Surgery for myoma removal may be indicated during pregnancy and may be done by the belly or vagina. It is usually indicated in cases of fibroids that cause pain and persistent bleeding or are large enough to cause risks to the baby or woman. But even in these cases, the decision to perform surgery should be made when the risk of surgery is less than the risk of the fibroid remaining inside the uterus.
How is delivery?
Since most cases are safe for the mother or baby, birth may be normal, especially in women with small fibroids who have few symptoms. A cesarean section may be indicated by the obstetrician in cases of pregnant women with fibroids who:
They bleed or are at risk of bleeding, causing a greater chance of hemorrhage at delivery.
They are very painful, causing pain and suffering to the woman during childbirth.
They take up a lot of space in the uterus, making it difficult for the baby to leave.
They involve a large part of the wall of the uterus, making it difficult or altering its contraction.
The choice of delivery type can be discussed personally with the obstetrician, taking into account the size and location of the myoma, as well as the woman’s desire to have a normal delivery or cesarean delivery.
One advantage of a cesarean section is the possibility of withdrawing the fibroid during labor, especially if it is outside the uterus.
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